Introduction to german language....

German is a West Germanic language, thus related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. It is one of the world's major languages and the most widely spoken first language in the European Union. Globally, German is spoken by approximately 120 million native speakers and also by about 80 million non-native speakers. Standard German is widely taught in schools, universities and Goethe Institutes worldwide....



Origins

The history of the language begins with the High German consonant shift during the migration period, separating Old High German dialects fromOld Saxon. The earliest testimonies of Old High German are from scattered Elder Futhark inscriptions, especially in Alemannic, from the 6th century AD; the earliest glosses (Abrogans) date to the 8th; and the oldest coherent texts (the Hildebrandslied, the Muspilli and the Merseburg Incantations) to the 9th century. Old Saxon at this time belongs to the North Sea Germanic cultural sphere, and Low Saxon should fall under German rather than Anglo-Frisian influence during the Holy Roman Empire.

As Germany was divided into many different states, the only force working for a unification or standardization of German during a period of several hundred years was the general preference of writers trying to write in a way that could be understood in the largest possible area.


Tuesday, November 16, 2010


Parents
die Eltern
Mother
die Mutter
Father
der Vater
Son
der Sohn
Daughter
die Tochter
Brother
der Bruder
Sister
die Schwester
Grandfather
der Großvater
Grandmother
die Großmutter
Grandson
der Enkel
Granddaughter
die Enkelin
Niece
die Nichte
Nephew
der Neffe
Cousin (m)
der Vetter
Cousin (f)
die Kusine
Uncle
der Onkel
Aunt
die Tante
Boy
der Junge
Girl
das Mädchen
Man
der Mann
Woman
die Frau
Friend
der Freund


Professions in German


teacher
der Lehrer, die Lehrerin
social worker
der Sozialpädagoge
secretary
der Sekretär, die Sekretärin
scientist
der Wissenschaftler
salesperson
der Verkäufer, die Verkäuferin
Priest
der Priester
preacher
der Pfarrer
physician
der Arzt, die Ärztin
pharmacist
der Apotheker
Nurse
der Krankenpfleger
mechanic
der Mechaniker
manager
der Betriebswirt
mailman
der Briefträger
lawyer
der Rechtsanwalt
journalist
der Journalist
homemaker, housewife
die Hausfrau
flight attendant
der Steward
engineer
der Ingenieur
employee
der/die Angestellte
electrician
der Elektriker
economist
der Volkswirt
doctor
der Arzt, die Ärztin
clergyman
der Pfarrer

Time expressions

month
der Monat(e)
Year
das Jahr(e)
monthly
monatlich
yearly
jährlich
Day
der Tag(e)
morning
der Morgen
afternoon
der Nachmittag(e)
evening
der Abend(e)
Night
die Nacht(ä, e)
Today
heute
tomorrow
morgen
Tonight
heute Abend
yesterday
gestern
last night
gestern abend
Week
die Woche(n)
weekend
das Wochenende(n)
Daily
täglich
Weekly
wöchentlich

 

Food: Das Essen
Food: das Essen
Meat: das Fleisch
Steak: das Steak
Chicken: das Hänchen
Ham: der Schinken
Sausage: die Wurst
Fish: das Fisch
Fruit: die Frucht
Apple: der Apfel
Orange: die Orange
Banana: die Banane
Strawberry: die Erdbeere
Raspberry: die Himbeere
Grape: die Traube
Vegetables: das Gemüse
Tomato: die Tomate
Potato: die Kartoffel
Carrot: die Karrotten
Peas: die Erbse
Beans: die Bohne
Onion: die Zwiebel
Nut: die Nuss
Flour: der Mehl
Rice: der Reis
Cheese: der Käse
Want something a bit more prepared? Here are some common dishes you might encounter:
Pizza: die Pizza
Fries: die Pommes [frites]
Ice Cream: das Eis
Cake: der Kuchen
Bread: das Brot
Salad: der Salat
Soup: die Suppe
Something to put on top? Here are some common condiments:
Condiment: das Gewürz
Salt: das Salz
Pepper: der Pfeffer
Sauce: die Soße
Butter: die Butter
Honey: der Honig
Cream: die Sahne
Sugar: der Zucker
Drinks: die Getränke
A bit thirsty after all that? Can't blame you. Here are some common drinks:
Drink: Das Getränk
Water: das Wasser
Coffee: der kaffee
Tea: der Tee
[fruit] Juice: der [Obst]saft
Milk: die Milch
Lemonade: die Limonade
Wine: der Wein
Beer: das Bier
Adjectives
You also need to be able to describe food beyond its name, of course. Here are some basic adjectives that you might use:
Bitter: bitter
Salty: salzig
Sour: sauer
Spicy: scharf
Sweet: süß
Fresh: frisch
Rare [cooked]: blutig
Raw: roh
Tender: zart
Dishes
Eating with your hands isn't always considered the politest thing to do. Here is some vocabulary describing some of the utensils that make your eating process slightly more civilized, depending on how you use them.
Mug: der Becher
Glass: das Glas
Cup: die Tasse

No comments:

Post a Comment